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There are several industrial and commercial buildings that now surpass 60 stories or more. These buildings all require tall cranes to be able to help move the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes which have their own vehicle connected or other types which are operated from the back of trucks. Tower cranes are the largest ones on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures which are often seen on high-rise building projects. Often, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. Wherever new construction like skyscrapers or apartment buildings and commercial facilities like for example shopping center are being built, chances are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
The two major types of cranes can be differentiated by the manner in which their boom or jib lifts supplies. The jib is the metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it lifts things. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could vary from thirty thousand pounds to ten thousand pounds
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a vertical steel mast that is composed of separate sections. The sections are added to be able increase the overall height of the equipment. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
In order to lift materials, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the jib or boom from a motor situated near the control module. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when lifting heavy materials.
The hydraulic truck crane is a specific mobile crane which utilizes hydraulic power to raise and transport thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the boom's pistons in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are important in building major projects like for example bridges, airports, buildings and streets. A crane could complete in minutes tasks which would normally take a lot of hours and hundreds of men to complete.
These impressive equipments have played a very important role in building houses, cities, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were probably constructed with the help of basic cranes to allow the heaviest materials in one of the most amazing construction projects of all time.
The very first cranes were established in 3000 B.C. Egypt in King Ramses'' reign. This lifting mechanism was initially used to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These mechanism were used to create an entire nation during the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were initially made out of wood. The designs of cranes started to change when dockyards began to need stronger and bigger machines. Hick & Rothwell developed the very first cast iron cranes within Bolton, England, during the year 1834. This equipment was capable of lifting as much as 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition enabled cranes to have a larger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany started to make cast iron cranes. The first cast iron crane made by Germany was made within Neuburg.
