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Side-loaders were originally designed in the beginning of the 1950s by Henry Le Grande Lull from the Lull Manufacturing Company. These units were designed in response to a request from the US Air Force. The initial idea was patented for commercial utilization but it was not developed until Lull Manufacturing was taken over by the Baker Raulang Company during the year 1959. It was Baker Raulang who made the design. Afterward, the name was changed to Baker Traveloader. During the latter part of the 1950s, the side-loaders were launched in Europe. The beginning units were designed by Italian manufacturer Fiora and the afterwards B-P Battioni e Pagani who pioneered the equipment's use in timber yards.
Side-loaders differ a little from forward traveling, counterbalance forklifts in that they have their forks situated on the side of the machinery. The operator drives the machinery sitting in a cabin similar to a conventional forklift. The unloading, lifting and loading functions are performed by the mast situated at the right-hand side of the driver. The cargo is usually transported lying on a wooden or metal deck. This helps to reduce distortion, stress and damage to the cargo. Recent innovations to the side-loader design have incorporated a huge variety of lifting accessories being developed.
A few of the advantages of using side-loaders over reach-stackers or standard forklifts consist of: safer operating conditions, enhanced visibility, and the ability to use available space more effectively as well as faster traveling speeds.
To be able to maintain safety, having an equally distributed cargo is helpful to prevent lack of vehicle stability, and excessive tilting. An even load helps to avoid unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
The eccentricity of the center of gravity varies, with the distribution of load within the container. It is very important that the designers of handling equipment and containers take this into account during the engineering process. Like for example, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50 percent of the container length measured from one end of the machinery, the eccentricity corresponds to 5%.