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An engine, also known as a motor, is an apparatus that converts energy into useful mechanical motion. Motors which change heat energy into motion are referred to as engines. Engines are available in numerous kinds like for instance internal and external combustion. An internal combustion engine normally burns a fuel making use of air and the resulting hot gases are used for generating power. Steam engines are an illustration of external combustion engines. They use heat so as to generate motion together with a separate working fluid.
The electric motor takes electrical energy and produces mechanical motion via various electromagnetic fields. This is a typical type of motor. Various kinds of motors function through non-combustive chemical reactions, other kinds could utilize springs and function by elastic energy. Pneumatic motors function by compressed air. There are different styles depending on the application needed.
ICEs or Internal combustion engines
Internal combustion occurs whenever the combustion of the fuel combines with an oxidizer inside the combustion chamber. Inside the IC engine, higher temperatures will result in direct force to certain engine components like for example the pistons, turbine blades or nozzles. This particular force generates useful mechanical energy by means of moving the part over a distance. Normally, an ICE has intermittent combustion as seen in the popular 2- and 4-stroke piston engines and the Wankel rotating engine. The majority of jet engines, gas turbines and rocket engines fall into a second class of internal combustion engines referred to as continuous combustion, that happens on the same previous principal described.
External combustion engines like Stirling or steam engines vary significantly from internal combustion engines. External combustion engines, where the energy is delivered to a working fluid like for example liquid sodium, hot water and pressurized water or air that are heated in some sort of boiler. The working fluid is not mixed with, consisting of or contaminated by combustion products.
The designs of ICEs accessible these days come together with many weaknesses and strengths. An internal combustion engine powered by an energy dense fuel would deliver efficient power-to-weight ratio. Though ICEs have been successful in numerous stationary applications, their real strength lies in mobile applications. Internal combustion engines dominate the power supply meant for vehicles such as cars, boats and aircrafts. Several hand-held power tools utilize either battery power or ICE gadgets.
External combustion engines
An external combustion engine uses a heat engine where a working fluid, such as steam in steam engine or gas in a Stirling engine, is heated by combustion of an external source. This particular combustion happens via a heat exchanger or via the engine wall. The fluid expands and acts upon the engine mechanism that produces motion. Then, the fluid is cooled, and either compressed and reused or thrown, and cool fluid is pulled in.
The act of burning fuel with an oxidizer to supply heat is known as "combustion." External thermal engines may be of similar use and configuration but use a heat supply from sources like for instance nuclear, exothermic, geothermal or solar reactions not involving combustion.
The working fluid could be of any composition. Gas is the most common type of working fluid, yet single-phase liquid is sometimes used. In Organic Rankine Cycle or in the case of the steam engine, the working fluid varies phases between gas and liquid.
